Startups from Japan and India are collaborating to address the escalating threat of space debris by developing laser-equipped satellites. Tokyo-based Orbital Lasers and Indian robotics firm InspeCity announced plans to explore business opportunities in in-space services, including de-orbiting defunct satellites and extending the lifespan of spacecraft.
This innovative joint venture aims to reduce the risk posed by defunct satellites and orbiting fragments, which jeopardize operational satellites and future space missions. As global space activity accelerates, this partnership could offer a scalable solution to one of space exploration’s most pressing challenges.
A Growing Crisis in Space
Space debris, also known as orbital junk, has become an urgent concern for the international space community. Currently, more than 30,000 tracked objects — including dead satellites, rocket fragments, and debris from past collisions — are speeding through low-Earth orbit (LEO). These objects travel at velocities of up to 28,000 km/h, making even the smallest fragments potentially catastrophic if they collide with functioning satellites or space stations.
The risk is not just theoretical. In recent years, incidents involving debris have forced costly maneuvers and even led to near misses with the International Space Station. As more nations and private entities launch satellites, the potential for collision increases. Experts warn that without effective debris management, we could face a scenario known as Kessler Syndrome, where a cascade of collisions could make parts of space unusable for decades.
The Laser-Powered Solution
In response to this growing threat, Japanese and Indian startups are developing satellites equipped with precision lasers designed to tackle debris. Unlike traditional methods that rely on physical capture — such as nets or robotic arms — these satellites aim to use laser pulses to alter the trajectory of debris. By giving debris a gentle push, the lasers will nudge it toward Earth’s atmosphere, where it will safely burn up upon re-entry.
This method offers a significant advantage in terms of cost and efficiency. Physical debris capture is challenging and resource-intensive, especially for smaller objects. Laser-equipped satellites, on the other hand, can operate remotely and target multiple debris pieces without direct contact. This makes the technology scalable and adaptable for addressing various types of orbital junk.
Launched as a spin-off from Japanese satellite giant SKY Perfect JSAT earlier this year, Orbital Lasers is pioneering a cutting-edge system designed to mitigate space debris. The technology utilizes laser energy to vaporize small sections of a debris object’s surface, halting its rotation and facilitating easier rendezvous for servicing spacecraft.
According to Aditya Baraskar, Global Business Lead at Orbital Lasers, the company plans to demonstrate the system in space and make it commercially available to operators by 2027. The system could be integrated with InspeCity’s satellites, contingent upon meeting regulatory clearances in both Japan and India.
The two companies have formalized their intent to collaborate through a preliminary agreement. InspeCity, established in 2022, secured $1.5 million in funding last year, while Orbital Lasers, founded in January, has garnered 900 million yen (approximately $5.8 million). This collaboration marks a promising step toward innovative solutions for space sustainability and debris management.
Combining Expertise Across Borders
The partnership leverages the unique strengths of both countries. Japan brings cutting-edge expertise in laser technology and precision engineering, while India contributes its growing prowess in affordable satellite development and space innovation. Together, these capabilities create a promising foundation for addressing space debris on a global scale.
For both nations, protecting space assets is a strategic priority. Satellites are crucial for communication, navigation, weather forecasting, and national security. Ensuring safe and sustainable access to space is essential for maintaining these critical services.
Challenges and Considerations
Despite the promise of this technology, challenges remain. Developing lasers that function reliably in the harsh conditions of space is no small feat. The satellites must be able to track debris accurately and fire lasers with pinpoint precision. Testing and validating these systems will require significant investment and rigorous trials.
There are also regulatory hurdles to consider. The use of lasers in space is subject to international laws and agreements. Ensuring that these systems comply with space treaties and do not pose risks to other satellites will be critical. Clear communication with global space agencies will be essential to avoid misunderstandings and ensure transparency.
A Collaborative Path Forward
The Japan-India partnership sets a precedent for how nations can work together to solve complex problems in space. As space exploration and commercialization expand, initiatives like this will become increasingly important. Collaboration between countries and the private sector will be key to maintaining the long-term viability of space operations.
The development of laser-equipped satellites to combat space debris marks a significant step in space sustainability. If successful, this technology could revolutionize how we manage orbital junk and ensure the safety of vital space assets. In a world where space is becoming increasingly critical to daily life, efforts like these are not just important — they are essential.
